Northern Territory of Mexico
“However not only did the United States conform to close to none negotiations, they also demand for the cession of the territories of New Mexico and California. The Mexican government had two choices: they could give in and reestablish friendly relations to the United States, proving to the world that Mexico would always be a “slave” to the United States or the Mexican government would not surrender to such degradation and resort to war.” - Manuel Crescensio Rejón to Shannon, (Bosch, Oct 31, 1844): 352
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By signing the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago, the Mexicans gave up much of California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico.
"During the Mexican-American War, the U.S. invaded Mexico, and fought all the way into Mexico City. However, President Polk did not want to conquer and colonize Mexico because he did not want America to become racially mixed. For the same reason, President William McKinley would later reject Puerto Rico as an American State." - Professor Richard A. Garcia, CSU East Bay